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21.
This paper describes the practical use of a global positioning system receiver (hand-held GPS) as a means of measuring and describing pasture areas invaded by weeds. The accuracy of two GPS units, a hand-held GPS with an external antenna (GPS with an antenna) and the differential global positioning system receiver (DGPS), were examined in Morioka, northern Japan. In addition, an area of weed patches and a pasture, determined using the GPS with an antenna, were compared to the measurements made with a conventional tape and a weed map was created based on the coordinate data of latitude and longitude measurements. The accuracy of the GPS with an antenna was poor (8.3 m); however, the precision of the unit was reasonable in measuring area. An area estimation error by the GPS with an antenna was 7% when practically measuring weed patches of 141 m2 and 1% in a paddock of 12 566 m2 . From these results, it appears that the GPS with an antenna might have an acceptable error in measuring areas for weed control in a pasture. A weed map produced from the coordinate data surveyed using the GPS with an antenna enables the state of weed growth and its domination in an area of pasture to be visually understood. Therefore, GPS technologies easily can be applied to quickly obtain information on weed infestation. 相似文献
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Water use of spring wheat to raise water productivity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In semi-arid environments with a shortage of water resources and a risk of overexplotation of water supplies, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a crop that can reduce water use and increase water productivity, because it takes advantage of spring rainfall and is harvested before the evaporative demands of summer. We carried out an experiment in 2003 at “Las Tiesas” farm, located between Barrax and Albacete (Central Spain), to improve accuracy in the estimation of wheat evapotranspiration (ETc) by using a weighing lysimeter. The measured seasonal ETc averages (5.63 mm day−1) measured in the lysimeter was 417 mm compared to the calculated ETc values (5.31 mm day−1) calculated with the standard FAO methodology of 393 mm. The evapotranspiration crop coefficient (Kc) derived from lysimetric measurements was Kc-mid: 1.20 and Kc-end: 0.15. The daily lysimeter Kc values were fit to the evolution linearly related to the green cover fraction (fc), which follows the crop development pattern. Seasonal soil evaporation was estimated as 135 mm and the basal crop coefficient approach was calculated in this study, Kcb which separates crop transpiration from soil evaporation (evaporation coefficient, Ke) was calculated and related to the green cover fraction (fc) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) obtained by field radiometry in case of wheat. The results obtained by this research will permit the reduction of water use and improvement of water productivity for wheat, which is of vital importance in areas of limited water resources. 相似文献
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科技小院是现代农业发展的创新组织模式,也是推进乡村振兴的重要科技支撑。本文基于宏观和微观层面阐释科技小院产生的现实需要,结合实地调研系统分析其发展演变与功能定位,探讨其运行保障机制与取得的实践成效,提出引导科技小院高质量发展的思路与建议。研究表明,科技小院的产生顺应了微观层面农户对先进农业技术需求增加,以及宏观层面现代农业发展对农业科技进步依赖加大的现实需要,在发展过程中演绎出“自下而上”式农业科技创新、“科普志愿”式农业社会服务和“产教融合”式农业人才培养三重功能,且三重功能定位以科学技术为纽带,形成了激励相容关系。科技小院以高校科研院所为内核,各主体之间形成了不同目标导向的利益联结机制,其中正式制度施加规范约束、服务互动融入社会规范、多方支持构成物质保障,推动科技小院有效运行。科技小院创新了农业技术推广模式、促进了现代农业高质量发展、提高了农民综合素质水平、开创了农业人才培养新模式,取得了显著的综合效益。因此,未来科技小院发展应深入明确功能定位、强化制度约束、加强组织创新和推广经验典型,走错位发展、规范发展、融合发展和共享发展之路。 相似文献
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设计了一种稻麦两用螺旋舀种式排种器,确定了该排种器关键部件的结构和参数;运用Design-Expert软件进行数据分析,得到最优参数组合,采用响应面试验方案,进行台架验证试验。结果显示:播种水稻时,在转速为45 r/min、倾斜角度为3°、出种孔长度为9 mm情况下的合格率为78.20%,重播率为3.71%,空穴率为1%,穴距合格率为97.93%,穴距变异系数为16.17%;播种小麦时,在转速为60 r/min、倾斜角度为1°、出种孔长度为9 mm,此组合下的合格率为93.37%,重播率为3.44%,空穴率为3.19%,穴距合格率为93.60%,穴距变异系数为25.50%。 相似文献
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我国现行的户籍制度是城乡分割的二元户籍制度。这种户籍制度将户口划分为"农业户口"与"非农业户口",将城乡居民分别纳入两种不同的管理体系。这种划分绝不只是称谓的不同,而是意味着户籍背后所附着的各种地位、机会和福利待遇等的不同。近几年来,一些省市将"农业户口"与"非农业户口"统一为了"居民户口",但户籍背后的利益问题并未得到很好的解决,二元户籍制度的本质并未根本改变。二元户籍制度是特定 相似文献
26.
从消费者购买决策角度出发,利用联合分析法,构建我国市场A级混合动力汽车属性与水平模型,分析消费者购买混合动力汽车时赋予不同属性的相时重要性及属性水平的效用值,并模拟产品组合市场占有率情况,从而为混合动力汽车产品定位提供依据. 相似文献
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INTER‐ AND INTRAFRACTION MOTION FOR STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY IN DOGS AND CATS USING A MODIFIED BRAINLAB FRAMELESS STEREOTACTIC MASK SYSTEM 下载免费PDF全文
Sonja Dieterich Allison Zwingenberger Katherine Hansen Isabella Pfeiffer Alain Théon Michael S. Kent 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2015,56(5):563-569
Precise and accurate patient positioning is necessary when doing stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to ensure adequate dosing to the tumor and sparing of normal tissues. This prospective cross‐sectional study aimed to assess feasibility of a commercially available modified frameless SRS positioning system for use in veterinary radiotherapy patients with brain tumors. Fifty‐one dogs and 12 cats were enrolled. Baseline and verification CT images were acquired. The verification CT images from 32 dogs and five cats had sufficient images for fusion to baseline CT images. A rigid box‐based fusion was performed to determine interfraction motion. Forty‐eight dogs and 11 cats were assessed for intrafraction motion by cine CT. Seventy percent of dogs and 60% of cats had interfraction 3D vector translational shifts >1 mm, with mean values of 1.9 mm in dogs, and 1.8 mm in cats. In dogs muscle wasting was weakly correlated with translational shifts. The maximum angular interfraction motion observed was 6.3° (roll), 3.5° (pitch), and 3.3° (yaw). There was no correlation between angular interfraction motion and weight, brachycephaly, or muscle wasting. Fifty‐seven percent of dogs and 50% of cats had respiration‐related intrafraction motion. Of these, 4.5% of dogs and 10% of cats had intrafraction motion >1 mm. This study demonstrates the modified Brainlab system is feasible for SRS in dogs and cats. The smaller cranial size and difference in anatomy increases setup uncertainty in some animals beyond limits usually accepted in SRS. Image‐guided positioning is recommended to achieve clinically acceptable setup accuracy (<1 mm) for SRS. 相似文献